# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Licensed under a 3-clause BSD style license - see LICENSE.rst from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals) import fnmatch import time import re import datetime from collections import OrderedDict import numpy as np from .. import units as u from .. import _erfa as erfa from ..extern import six from ..extern.six.moves import zip from .utils import day_frac, quantity_day_frac, two_sum, two_product __all__ = ['TimeFormat', 'TimeJD', 'TimeMJD', 'TimeFromEpoch', 'TimeUnix', 'TimeCxcSec', 'TimeGPS', 'TimeDecimalYear', 'TimePlotDate', 'TimeUnique', 'TimeDatetime', 'TimeString', 'TimeISO', 'TimeISOT', 'TimeFITS', 'TimeYearDayTime', 'TimeEpochDate', 'TimeBesselianEpoch', 'TimeJulianEpoch', 'TimeDeltaFormat', 'TimeDeltaSec', 'TimeDeltaJD', 'TimeEpochDateString', 'TimeBesselianEpochString', 'TimeJulianEpochString', 'TIME_FORMATS', 'TIME_DELTA_FORMATS', 'TimezoneInfo'] __doctest_skip__ = ['TimePlotDate'] # These both get filled in at end after TimeFormat subclasses defined. # Use an OrderedDict to fix the order in which formats are tried. # This ensures, e.g., that 'isot' gets tried before 'fits'. TIME_FORMATS = OrderedDict() TIME_DELTA_FORMATS = OrderedDict() # Translations between deprecated FITS timescales defined by # Rots et al. 2015, A&A 574:A36, and timescales used here. FITS_DEPRECATED_SCALES = {'TDT': 'tt', 'ET': 'tt', 'GMT': 'utc', 'UT': 'utc', 'IAT': 'tai'} def _regexify_subfmts(subfmts): """ Iterate through each of the sub-formats and try substituting simple regular expressions for the strptime codes for year, month, day-of-month, hour, minute, second. If no % characters remain then turn the final string into a compiled regex. This assumes time formats do not have a % in them. This is done both to speed up parsing of strings and to allow mixed formats where strptime does not quite work well enough. """ new_subfmts = [] for subfmt_tuple in subfmts: subfmt_in = subfmt_tuple[1] for strptime_code, regex in (('%Y', r'(?P\d\d\d\d)'), ('%m', r'(?P\d{1,2})'), ('%d', r'(?P\d{1,2})'), ('%H', r'(?P\d{1,2})'), ('%M', r'(?P\d{1,2})'), ('%S', r'(?P\d{1,2})')): subfmt_in = subfmt_in.replace(strptime_code, regex) if '%' not in subfmt_in: subfmt_tuple = (subfmt_tuple[0], re.compile(subfmt_in + '$'), subfmt_tuple[2]) new_subfmts.append(subfmt_tuple) return tuple(new_subfmts) class TimeFormatMeta(type): """ Metaclass that adds `TimeFormat` and `TimeDeltaFormat` to the `TIME_FORMATS` and `TIME_DELTA_FORMATS` registries, respectively. """ _registry = TIME_FORMATS def __new__(mcls, name, bases, members): cls = super(TimeFormatMeta, mcls).__new__(mcls, name, bases, members) # Register time formats that have a name, but leave out astropy_time since # it is not a user-accessible format and is only used for initialization into # a different format. if 'name' in members and cls.name != 'astropy_time': mcls._registry[cls.name] = cls if 'subfmts' in members: cls.subfmts = _regexify_subfmts(members['subfmts']) return cls @six.add_metaclass(TimeFormatMeta) class TimeFormat(object): """ Base class for time representations. Parameters ---------- val1 : numpy ndarray, list, str, or number Data to initialize table. val2 : numpy ndarray, list, str, or number; optional Data to initialize table. scale : str Time scale of input value(s) precision : int Precision for seconds as floating point in_subfmt : str Select subformat for inputting string times out_subfmt : str Select subformat for outputting string times from_jd : bool If true then val1, val2 are jd1, jd2 """ def __init__(self, val1, val2, scale, precision, in_subfmt, out_subfmt, from_jd=False): self.scale = scale # validation of scale done later with _check_scale self.precision = precision self.in_subfmt = in_subfmt self.out_subfmt = out_subfmt if from_jd: self.jd1 = val1 self.jd2 = val2 else: val1, val2 = self._check_val_type(val1, val2) self.set_jds(val1, val2) def __len__(self): return len(self.jd1) @property def scale(self): """Time scale""" self._scale = self._check_scale(self._scale) return self._scale @scale.setter def scale(self, val): self._scale = val def _check_val_type(self, val1, val2): """Input value validation, typically overridden by derived classes""" if not (val1.dtype == np.double and np.all(np.isfinite(val1)) and (val2 is None or val2.dtype == np.double and np.all(np.isfinite(val2)))): raise TypeError('Input values for {0} class must be finite doubles' .format(self.name)) if getattr(val1, 'unit', None) is not None: # Convert any quantity-likes to days first, attempting to be # careful with the conversion, so that, e.g., large numbers of # seconds get converted without loosing precision because # 1/86400 is not exactly representable as a float. val1 = u.Quantity(val1, copy=False) if val2 is not None: val2 = u.Quantity(val2, copy=False) try: val1, val2 = quantity_day_frac(val1, val2) except u.UnitsError: raise u.UnitConversionError( "only quantities with time units can be " "used to instantiate Time instances.") # We now have days, but the format may expect another unit. # On purpose, multiply with 1./day_unit because typically it is # 1./erfa.DAYSEC, and inverting it recovers the integer. # (This conversion will get undone in format's set_jds, hence # there may be room for optimizing this.) factor = 1. / getattr(self, 'unit', 1.) if factor != 1.: val1, carry = two_product(val1, factor) carry += val2 * factor val1, val2 = two_sum(val1, carry) elif getattr(val2, 'unit', None) is not None: raise TypeError('Cannot mix float and Quantity inputs') if val2 is None: val2 = np.zeros_like(val1) def asarray_or_scalar(val): """ Remove ndarray subclasses since for jd1/jd2 we want a pure ndarray or a Python or numpy scalar. """ return np.asarray(val) if isinstance(val, np.ndarray) else val return asarray_or_scalar(val1), asarray_or_scalar(val2) def _check_scale(self, scale): """ Return a validated scale value. If there is a class attribute 'scale' then that defines the default / required time scale for this format. In this case if a scale value was provided that needs to match the class default, otherwise return the class default. Otherwise just make sure that scale is in the allowed list of scales. Provide a different error message if `None` (no value) was supplied. """ if hasattr(self.__class__, 'epoch_scale') and scale is None: scale = self.__class__.epoch_scale if scale is None: scale = 'utc' # Default scale as of astropy 0.4 if scale not in TIME_SCALES: raise ScaleValueError("Scale value '{0}' not in " "allowed values {1}" .format(scale, TIME_SCALES)) return scale def set_jds(self, val1, val2): """ Set internal jd1 and jd2 from val1 and val2. Must be provided by derived classes. """ raise NotImplementedError def to_value(self, parent=None): """ Return time representation from internal jd1 and jd2. This is the base method that ignores ``parent`` and requires that subclasses implement the ``value`` property. Subclasses that require ``parent`` or have other optional args for ``to_value`` should compute and return the value directly. """ return self.value @property def value(self): raise NotImplementedError class TimeJD(TimeFormat): """ Julian Date time format. This represents the number of days since the beginning of the Julian Period. For example, 2451544.5 in JD is midnight on January 1, 2000. """ name = 'jd' def set_jds(self, val1, val2): self._check_scale(self._scale) # Validate scale. self.jd1, self.jd2 = day_frac(val1, val2) @property def value(self): return self.jd1 + self.jd2 class TimeMJD(TimeFormat): """ Modified Julian Date time format. This represents the number of days since midnight on November 17, 1858. For example, 51544.0 in MJD is midnight on January 1, 2000. """ name = 'mjd' def set_jds(self, val1, val2): # TODO - this routine and vals should be Cythonized to follow the ERFA # convention of preserving precision by adding to the larger of the two # values in a vectorized operation. But in most practical cases the # first one is probably biggest. self._check_scale(self._scale) # Validate scale. jd1, jd2 = day_frac(val1, val2) jd1 += erfa.DJM0 # erfa.DJM0=2400000.5 (from erfam.h) self.jd1, self.jd2 = day_frac(jd1, jd2) @property def value(self): return (self.jd1 - erfa.DJM0) + self.jd2 class TimeDecimalYear(TimeFormat): """ Time as a decimal year, with integer values corresponding to midnight of the first day of each year. For example 2000.5 corresponds to the ISO time '2000-07-02 00:00:00'. """ name = 'decimalyear' def set_jds(self, val1, val2): self._check_scale(self._scale) # Validate scale. sum12, err12 = two_sum(val1, val2) iy_start = np.trunc(sum12).astype(np.int) extra, y_frac = two_sum(sum12, -iy_start) y_frac += extra + err12 val = (val1 + val2).astype(np.double) iy_start = np.trunc(val).astype(np.int) imon = np.ones_like(iy_start) iday = np.ones_like(iy_start) ihr = np.zeros_like(iy_start) imin = np.zeros_like(iy_start) isec = np.zeros_like(y_frac) # Possible enhancement: use np.unique to only compute start, stop # for unique values of iy_start. scale = self.scale.upper().encode('ascii') jd1_start, jd2_start = erfa.dtf2d(scale, iy_start, imon, iday, ihr, imin, isec) jd1_end, jd2_end = erfa.dtf2d(scale, iy_start + 1, imon, iday, ihr, imin, isec) t_start = Time(jd1_start, jd2_start, scale=self.scale, format='jd') t_end = Time(jd1_end, jd2_end, scale=self.scale, format='jd') t_frac = t_start + (t_end - t_start) * y_frac self.jd1, self.jd2 = day_frac(t_frac.jd1, t_frac.jd2) @property def value(self): scale = self.scale.upper().encode('ascii') iy_start, ims, ids, ihmsfs = erfa.d2dtf(scale, 0, # precision=0 self.jd1, self.jd2) imon = np.ones_like(iy_start) iday = np.ones_like(iy_start) ihr = np.zeros_like(iy_start) imin = np.zeros_like(iy_start) isec = np.zeros_like(self.jd1) # Possible enhancement: use np.unique to only compute start, stop # for unique values of iy_start. scale = self.scale.upper().encode('ascii') jd1_start, jd2_start = erfa.dtf2d(scale, iy_start, imon, iday, ihr, imin, isec) jd1_end, jd2_end = erfa.dtf2d(scale, iy_start + 1, imon, iday, ihr, imin, isec) dt = (self.jd1 - jd1_start) + (self.jd2 - jd2_start) dt_end = (jd1_end - jd1_start) + (jd2_end - jd2_start) decimalyear = iy_start + dt / dt_end return decimalyear class TimeFromEpoch(TimeFormat): """ Base class for times that represent the interval from a particular epoch as a floating point multiple of a unit time interval (e.g. seconds or days). """ def __init__(self, val1, val2, scale, precision, in_subfmt, out_subfmt, from_jd=False): self.scale = scale # Initialize the reference epoch (a single time defined in subclasses) epoch = Time(self.epoch_val, self.epoch_val2, scale=self.epoch_scale, format=self.epoch_format) self.epoch = epoch # Now create the TimeFormat object as normal super(TimeFromEpoch, self).__init__(val1, val2, scale, precision, in_subfmt, out_subfmt, from_jd) def set_jds(self, val1, val2): """ Initialize the internal jd1 and jd2 attributes given val1 and val2. For an TimeFromEpoch subclass like TimeUnix these will be floats giving the effective seconds since an epoch time (e.g. 1970-01-01 00:00:00). """ # Form new JDs based on epoch time + time from epoch (converted to JD). # One subtlety that might not be obvious is that 1.000 Julian days in # UTC can be 86400 or 86401 seconds. For the TimeUnix format the # assumption is that every day is exactly 86400 seconds, so this is, in # principle, doing the math incorrectly, *except* that it matches the # definition of Unix time which does not include leap seconds. # note: use divisor=1./self.unit, since this is either 1 or 1/86400, # and 1/86400 is not exactly representable as a float64, so multiplying # by that will cause rounding errors. (But inverting it as a float64 # recovers the exact number) day, frac = day_frac(val1, val2, divisor=1. / self.unit) jd1 = self.epoch.jd1 + day jd2 = self.epoch.jd2 + frac # Create a temporary Time object corresponding to the new (jd1, jd2) in # the epoch scale (e.g. UTC for TimeUnix) then convert that to the # desired time scale for this object. # # A known limitation is that the transform from self.epoch_scale to # self.scale cannot involve any metadata like lat or lon. try: tm = getattr(Time(jd1, jd2, scale=self.epoch_scale, format='jd'), self.scale) except Exception as err: raise ScaleValueError("Cannot convert from '{0}' epoch scale '{1}'" "to specified scale '{2}', got error:\n{3}" .format(self.name, self.epoch_scale, self.scale, err)) self.jd1, self.jd2 = day_frac(tm._time.jd1, tm._time.jd2) def to_value(self, parent=None): # Make sure that scale is the same as epoch scale so we can just # subtract the epoch and convert if self.scale != self.epoch_scale: if parent is None: raise ValueError('cannot compute value without parent Time object') tm = getattr(parent, self.epoch_scale) jd1, jd2 = tm._time.jd1, tm._time.jd2 else: jd1, jd2 = self.jd1, self.jd2 time_from_epoch = ((jd1 - self.epoch.jd1) + (jd2 - self.epoch.jd2)) / self.unit return time_from_epoch value = property(to_value) class TimeUnix(TimeFromEpoch): """ Unix time: seconds from 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC. For example, 946684800.0 in Unix time is midnight on January 1, 2000. NOTE: this quantity is not exactly unix time and differs from the strict POSIX definition by up to 1 second on days with a leap second. POSIX unix time actually jumps backward by 1 second at midnight on leap second days while this class value is monotonically increasing at 86400 seconds per UTC day. """ name = 'unix' unit = 1.0 / erfa.DAYSEC # in days (1 day == 86400 seconds) epoch_val = '1970-01-01 00:00:00' epoch_val2 = None epoch_scale = 'utc' epoch_format = 'iso' class TimeCxcSec(TimeFromEpoch): """ Chandra X-ray Center seconds from 1998-01-01 00:00:00 TT. For example, 63072064.184 is midnight on January 1, 2000. """ name = 'cxcsec' unit = 1.0 / erfa.DAYSEC # in days (1 day == 86400 seconds) epoch_val = '1998-01-01 00:00:00' epoch_val2 = None epoch_scale = 'tt' epoch_format = 'iso' class TimeGPS(TimeFromEpoch): """GPS time: seconds from 1980-01-06 00:00:00 UTC For example, 630720013.0 is midnight on January 1, 2000. Notes ===== This implementation is strictly a representation of the number of seconds (including leap seconds) since midnight UTC on 1980-01-06. GPS can also be considered as a time scale which is ahead of TAI by a fixed offset (to within about 100 nanoseconds). For details, see http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/gpstt.html """ name = 'gps' unit = 1.0 / erfa.DAYSEC # in days (1 day == 86400 seconds) epoch_val = '1980-01-06 00:00:19' # above epoch is the same as Time('1980-01-06 00:00:00', scale='utc').tai epoch_val2 = None epoch_scale = 'tai' epoch_format = 'iso' class TimePlotDate(TimeFromEpoch): """ Matplotlib `~matplotlib.pyplot.plot_date` input: 1 + number of days from 0001-01-01 00:00:00 UTC This can be used directly in the matplotlib `~matplotlib.pyplot.plot_date` function:: >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt >>> jyear = np.linspace(2000, 2001, 20) >>> t = Time(jyear, format='jyear', scale='utc') >>> plt.plot_date(t.plot_date, jyear) >>> plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate() # orient date labels at a slant >>> plt.draw() For example, 730120.0003703703 is midnight on January 1, 2000. """ # This corresponds to the zero reference time for matplotlib plot_date(). # Note that TAI and UTC are equivalent at the reference time. name = 'plot_date' unit = 1.0 epoch_val = 1721424.5 # Time('0001-01-01 00:00:00', scale='tai').jd - 1 epoch_val2 = None epoch_scale = 'utc' epoch_format = 'jd' class TimeUnique(TimeFormat): """ Base class for time formats that can uniquely create a time object without requiring an explicit format specifier. This class does nothing but provide inheritance to identify a class as unique. """ class TimeAstropyTime(TimeUnique): """ Instantiate date from an Astropy Time object (or list thereof). This is purely for instantiating from a Time object. The output format is the same as the first time instance. """ name = 'astropy_time' def __new__(cls, val1, val2, scale, precision, in_subfmt, out_subfmt, from_jd=False): """ Use __new__ instead of __init__ to output a class instance that is the same as the class of the first Time object in the list. """ val1_0 = val1.flat[0] if not (isinstance(val1_0, Time) and all(type(val) is type(val1_0) for val in val1.flat)): raise TypeError('Input values for {0} class must all be same ' 'astropy Time type.'.format(cls.name)) if scale is None: scale = val1_0.scale if val1.shape: vals = [getattr(val, scale)._time for val in val1] jd1 = np.concatenate([np.atleast_1d(val.jd1) for val in vals]) jd2 = np.concatenate([np.atleast_1d(val.jd2) for val in vals]) else: val = getattr(val1_0, scale)._time jd1, jd2 = val.jd1, val.jd2 OutTimeFormat = val1_0._time.__class__ self = OutTimeFormat(jd1, jd2, scale, precision, in_subfmt, out_subfmt, from_jd=True) return self class TimeDatetime(TimeUnique): """ Represent date as Python standard library `~datetime.datetime` object Example:: >>> from astropy.time import Time >>> from datetime import datetime >>> t = Time(datetime(2000, 1, 2, 12, 0, 0), scale='utc') >>> t.iso '2000-01-02 12:00:00.000' >>> t.tt.datetime datetime.datetime(2000, 1, 2, 12, 1, 4, 184000) """ name = 'datetime' def _check_val_type(self, val1, val2): # Note: don't care about val2 for this class if not all(isinstance(val, datetime.datetime) for val in val1.flat): raise TypeError('Input values for {0} class must be ' 'datetime objects'.format(self.name)) return val1, None def set_jds(self, val1, val2): """Convert datetime object contained in val1 to jd1, jd2""" # Iterate through the datetime objects, getting year, month, etc. iterator = np.nditer([val1, None, None, None, None, None, None], flags=['refs_ok'], op_dtypes=[np.object] + 5*[np.intc] + [np.double]) for val, iy, im, id, ihr, imin, dsec in iterator: dt = val.item() if dt.tzinfo is not None: dt = (dt - dt.utcoffset()).replace(tzinfo=None) iy[...] = dt.year im[...] = dt.month id[...] = dt.day ihr[...] = dt.hour imin[...] = dt.minute dsec[...] = dt.second + dt.microsecond / 1e6 jd1, jd2 = erfa.dtf2d(self.scale.upper().encode('ascii'), *iterator.operands[1:]) self.jd1, self.jd2 = day_frac(jd1, jd2) def to_value(self, timezone=None, parent=None): """ Convert to (potentially timezone-aware) `~datetime.datetime` object. If ``timezone`` is not ``None``, return a timezone-aware datetime object. Parameters ---------- timezone : {`~datetime.tzinfo`, None} (optional) If not `None`, return timezone-aware datetime. Returns ------- `~datetime.datetime` If ``timezone`` is not ``None``, output will be timezone-aware. """ if timezone is not None: if self._scale != 'utc': raise ScaleValueError("scale is {}, must be 'utc' when timezone " "is supplied.".format(self._scale)) # Rather than define a value property directly, we have a function, # since we want to be able to pass in timezone information. scale = self.scale.upper().encode('ascii') iys, ims, ids, ihmsfs = erfa.d2dtf(scale, 6, # 6 for microsec self.jd1, self.jd2) ihrs = ihmsfs[..., 0] imins = ihmsfs[..., 1] isecs = ihmsfs[..., 2] ifracs = ihmsfs[..., 3] iterator = np.nditer([iys, ims, ids, ihrs, imins, isecs, ifracs, None], flags=['refs_ok'], op_dtypes=7*[iys.dtype] + [np.object]) for iy, im, id, ihr, imin, isec, ifracsec, out in iterator: if isec >= 60: raise ValueError('Time {} is within a leap second but datetime ' 'does not support leap seconds' .format((iy, im, id, ihr, imin, isec, ifracsec))) if timezone is not None: out[...] = datetime.datetime(iy, im, id, ihr, imin, isec, ifracsec, tzinfo=TimezoneInfo()).astimezone(timezone) else: out[...] = datetime.datetime(iy, im, id, ihr, imin, isec, ifracsec) return iterator.operands[-1] value = property(to_value) class TimezoneInfo(datetime.tzinfo): """ Subclass of the `~datetime.tzinfo` object, used in the to_datetime method to specify timezones. It may be safer in most cases to use a timezone database package like pytz rather than defining your own timezones - this class is mainly a workaround for users without pytz. """ @u.quantity_input(utc_offset=u.day, dst=u.day) def __init__(self, utc_offset=0*u.day, dst=0*u.day, tzname=None): """ Parameters ---------- utc_offset : `~astropy.units.Quantity` (optional) Offset from UTC in days. Defaults to zero. dst : `~astropy.units.Quantity` (optional) Daylight Savings Time offset in days. Defaults to zero (no daylight savings). tzname : string, `None` (optional) Name of timezone Examples -------- >>> from datetime import datetime >>> from astropy.time import TimezoneInfo # Specifies a timezone >>> import astropy.units as u >>> utc = TimezoneInfo() # Defaults to UTC >>> utc_plus_one_hour = TimezoneInfo(utc_offset=1*u.hour) # UTC+1 >>> dt_aware = datetime(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, tzinfo=utc_plus_one_hour) >>> print(dt_aware) 2000-01-01 00:00:00+01:00 >>> print(dt_aware.astimezone(utc)) 1999-12-31 23:00:00+00:00 """ if utc_offset == 0 and dst == 0 and tzname is None: tzname = 'UTC' self._utcoffset = datetime.timedelta(utc_offset.to_value(u.day)) self._tzname = tzname self._dst = datetime.timedelta(dst.to_value(u.day)) def utcoffset(self, dt): return self._utcoffset def tzname(self, dt): return str(self._tzname) def dst(self, dt): return self._dst class TimeString(TimeUnique): """ Base class for string-like time representations. This class assumes that anything following the last decimal point to the right is a fraction of a second. This is a reference implementation can be made much faster with effort. """ def _check_val_type(self, val1, val2): # Note: don't care about val2 for these classes if val1.dtype.kind not in ('S', 'U'): raise TypeError('Input values for {0} class must be strings' .format(self.name)) return val1, None def parse_string(self, timestr, subfmts): """Read time from a single string, using a set of possible formats.""" # Datetime components required for conversion to JD by ERFA, along # with the default values. components = ('year', 'mon', 'mday', 'hour', 'min', 'sec') defaults = (None, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0) # Assume that anything following "." on the right side is a # floating fraction of a second. try: idot = timestr.rindex('.') except Exception: fracsec = 0.0 else: timestr, fracsec = timestr[:idot], timestr[idot:] fracsec = float(fracsec) for _, strptime_fmt_or_regex, _ in subfmts: if isinstance(strptime_fmt_or_regex, six.string_types): try: tm = time.strptime(timestr, strptime_fmt_or_regex) except ValueError: continue else: vals = [getattr(tm, 'tm_' + component) for component in components] else: tm = re.match(strptime_fmt_or_regex, timestr) if tm is None: continue tm = tm.groupdict() vals = [int(tm.get(component, default)) for component, default in zip(components, defaults)] # Add fractional seconds vals[-1] = vals[-1] + fracsec return vals else: raise ValueError('Time {0} does not match {1} format' .format(timestr, self.name)) def set_jds(self, val1, val2): """Parse the time strings contained in val1 and set jd1, jd2""" # Select subformats based on current self.in_subfmt subfmts = self._select_subfmts(self.in_subfmt) iterator = np.nditer([val1, None, None, None, None, None, None], op_dtypes=[val1.dtype] + 5*[np.intc] + [np.double]) for val, iy, im, id, ihr, imin, dsec in iterator: iy[...], im[...], id[...], ihr[...], imin[...], dsec[...] = ( self.parse_string(val.item(), subfmts)) jd1, jd2 = erfa.dtf2d(self.scale.upper().encode('ascii'), *iterator.operands[1:]) self.jd1, self.jd2 = day_frac(jd1, jd2) def str_kwargs(self): """ Generator that yields a dict of values corresponding to the calendar date and time for the internal JD values. """ scale = self.scale.upper().encode('ascii'), iys, ims, ids, ihmsfs = erfa.d2dtf(scale, self.precision, self.jd1, self.jd2) # Get the str_fmt element of the first allowed output subformat _, _, str_fmt = self._select_subfmts(self.out_subfmt)[0] if '{yday:' in str_fmt: has_yday = True else: has_yday = False yday = None ihrs = ihmsfs[..., 0] imins = ihmsfs[..., 1] isecs = ihmsfs[..., 2] ifracs = ihmsfs[..., 3] for iy, im, id, ihr, imin, isec, ifracsec in np.nditer( [iys, ims, ids, ihrs, imins, isecs, ifracs]): if has_yday: yday = datetime.datetime(iy, im, id).timetuple().tm_yday yield {'year': int(iy), 'mon': int(im), 'day': int(id), 'hour': int(ihr), 'min': int(imin), 'sec': int(isec), 'fracsec': int(ifracsec), 'yday': yday} def format_string(self, str_fmt, **kwargs): """Write time to a string using a given format. By default, just interprets str_fmt as a format string, but subclasses can add to this. """ return str_fmt.format(**kwargs) @property def value(self): # Select the first available subformat based on current # self.out_subfmt subfmts = self._select_subfmts(self.out_subfmt) _, _, str_fmt = subfmts[0] # TODO: fix this ugly hack if self.precision > 0 and str_fmt.endswith('{sec:02d}'): str_fmt += '.{fracsec:0' + str(self.precision) + 'd}' # Try to optimize this later. Can't pre-allocate because length of # output could change, e.g. year rolls from 999 to 1000. outs = [] for kwargs in self.str_kwargs(): outs.append(str(self.format_string(str_fmt, **kwargs))) return np.array(outs).reshape(self.jd1.shape) def _select_subfmts(self, pattern): """ Return a list of subformats where name matches ``pattern`` using fnmatch. """ fnmatchcase = fnmatch.fnmatchcase subfmts = [x for x in self.subfmts if fnmatchcase(x[0], pattern)] if len(subfmts) == 0: raise ValueError('No subformats match {0}'.format(pattern)) return subfmts class TimeISO(TimeString): """ ISO 8601 compliant date-time format "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.sss...". For example, 2000-01-01 00:00:00.000 is midnight on January 1, 2000. The allowed subformats are: - 'date_hms': date + hours, mins, secs (and optional fractional secs) - 'date_hm': date + hours, mins - 'date': date """ name = 'iso' subfmts = (('date_hms', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', # XXX To Do - use strftime for output ?? '{year:d}-{mon:02d}-{day:02d} {hour:02d}:{min:02d}:{sec:02d}'), ('date_hm', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M', '{year:d}-{mon:02d}-{day:02d} {hour:02d}:{min:02d}'), ('date', '%Y-%m-%d', '{year:d}-{mon:02d}-{day:02d}')) def parse_string(self, timestr, subfmts): # Handle trailing 'Z' for UTC time if timestr.endswith('Z'): if self.scale != 'utc': raise ValueError("Time input terminating in 'Z' must have " "scale='UTC'") timestr = timestr[:-1] return super(TimeISO, self).parse_string(timestr, subfmts) class TimeISOT(TimeISO): """ ISO 8601 compliant date-time format "YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.sss...". This is the same as TimeISO except for a "T" instead of space between the date and time. For example, 2000-01-01T00:00:00.000 is midnight on January 1, 2000. The allowed subformats are: - 'date_hms': date + hours, mins, secs (and optional fractional secs) - 'date_hm': date + hours, mins - 'date': date """ name = 'isot' subfmts = (('date_hms', '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S', '{year:d}-{mon:02d}-{day:02d}T{hour:02d}:{min:02d}:{sec:02d}'), ('date_hm', '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M', '{year:d}-{mon:02d}-{day:02d}T{hour:02d}:{min:02d}'), ('date', '%Y-%m-%d', '{year:d}-{mon:02d}-{day:02d}')) class TimeYearDayTime(TimeISO): """ Year, day-of-year and time as "YYYY:DOY:HH:MM:SS.sss...". The day-of-year (DOY) goes from 001 to 365 (366 in leap years). For example, 2000:001:00:00:00.000 is midnight on January 1, 2000. The allowed subformats are: - 'date_hms': date + hours, mins, secs (and optional fractional secs) - 'date_hm': date + hours, mins - 'date': date """ name = 'yday' subfmts = (('date_hms', '%Y:%j:%H:%M:%S', '{year:d}:{yday:03d}:{hour:02d}:{min:02d}:{sec:02d}'), ('date_hm', '%Y:%j:%H:%M', '{year:d}:{yday:03d}:{hour:02d}:{min:02d}'), ('date', '%Y:%j', '{year:d}:{yday:03d}')) class TimeFITS(TimeString): """ FITS format: "[±Y]YYYY-MM-DD[THH:MM:SS[.sss]][(SCALE[(REALIZATION)])]". ISOT with two extensions: - Can give signed five-digit year (mostly for negative years); - A possible time scale (and realization) appended in parentheses. Note: FITS supports some deprecated names for timescales; these are translated to the formal names upon initialization. Furthermore, any specific realization information is stored only as long as the time scale is not changed. The allowed subformats are: - 'date_hms': date + hours, mins, secs (and optional fractional secs) - 'date': date - 'longdate_hms': as 'date_hms', but with signed 5-digit year - 'longdate': as 'date', but with signed 5-digit year See Rots et al., 2015, A&A 574:A36 (arXiv:1409.7583). """ name = 'fits' subfmts = ( ('date_hms', (r'(?P\d{4})-(?P\d\d)-(?P\d\d)T' r'(?P\d\d):(?P\d\d):(?P\d\d(\.\d*)?)'), '{year:04d}-{mon:02d}-{day:02d}T{hour:02d}:{min:02d}:{sec:02d}'), ('date', r'(?P\d{4})-(?P\d\d)-(?P\d\d)', '{year:04d}-{mon:02d}-{day:02d}'), ('longdate_hms', (r'(?P[+-]\d{5})-(?P\d\d)-(?P\d\d)T' r'(?P\d\d):(?P\d\d):(?P\d\d(\.\d*)?)'), '{year:+06d}-{mon:02d}-{day:02d}T{hour:02d}:{min:02d}:{sec:02d}'), ('longdate', r'(?P[+-]\d{5})-(?P\d\d)-(?P\d\d)', '{year:+06d}-{mon:02d}-{day:02d}')) # Add the regex that parses the scale and possible realization. subfmts = tuple( (subfmt[0], subfmt[1] + r'(\((?P\w+)(\((?P\w+)\))?\))?', subfmt[2]) for subfmt in subfmts) _fits_scale = None _fits_realization = None def parse_string(self, timestr, subfmts): """Read time and set scale according to trailing scale codes.""" # Try parsing with any of the allowed sub-formats. for _, regex, _ in subfmts: tm = re.match(regex, timestr) if tm: break else: raise ValueError('Time {0} does not match {1} format' .format(timestr, self.name)) tm = tm.groupdict() if tm['scale'] is not None: # If a scale was given, translate from a possible deprecated # timescale identifier to the scale used by Time. fits_scale = tm['scale'].upper() scale = FITS_DEPRECATED_SCALES.get(fits_scale, fits_scale.lower()) if scale not in TIME_SCALES: raise ValueError("Scale {0!r} is not in the allowed scales {1}" .format(scale, sorted(TIME_SCALES))) # If no scale was given in the initialiser, set the scale to # that given in the string. Also store a possible realization, # so we can round-trip (as long as no scale changes are made). fits_realization = (tm['realization'].upper() if tm['realization'] else None) if self._fits_scale is None: self._fits_scale = fits_scale self._fits_realization = fits_realization if self._scale is None: self._scale = scale if (scale != self.scale or fits_scale != self._fits_scale or fits_realization != self._fits_realization): raise ValueError("Input strings for {0} class must all " "have consistent time scales." .format(self.name)) return [int(tm['year']), int(tm['mon']), int(tm['mday']), int(tm.get('hour', 0)), int(tm.get('min', 0)), float(tm.get('sec', 0.))] def format_string(self, str_fmt, **kwargs): """Format time-string: append the scale to the normal ISOT format.""" time_str = super(TimeFITS, self).format_string(str_fmt, **kwargs) if self._fits_scale and self._fits_realization: return '{0}({1}({2}))'.format(time_str, self._fits_scale, self._fits_realization) else: return '{0}({1})'.format(time_str, self._scale.upper()) @property def value(self): """Convert times to strings, using signed 5 digit if necessary.""" if 'long' not in self.out_subfmt: # If we have times before year 0 or after year 9999, we can # output only in a "long" format, using signed 5-digit years. jd = self.jd1 + self.jd2 if jd.min() < 1721425.5 or jd.max() >= 5373484.5: self.out_subfmt = 'long' + self.out_subfmt return super(TimeFITS, self).value class TimeEpochDate(TimeFormat): """ Base class for support floating point Besselian and Julian epoch dates """ def set_jds(self, val1, val2): self._check_scale(self._scale) # validate scale. epoch_to_jd = getattr(erfa, self.epoch_to_jd) jd1, jd2 = epoch_to_jd(val1 + val2) self.jd1, self.jd2 = day_frac(jd1, jd2) @property def value(self): jd_to_epoch = getattr(erfa, self.jd_to_epoch) return jd_to_epoch(self.jd1, self.jd2) class TimeBesselianEpoch(TimeEpochDate): """Besselian Epoch year as floating point value(s) like 1950.0""" name = 'byear' epoch_to_jd = 'epb2jd' jd_to_epoch = 'epb' def _check_val_type(self, val1, val2): """Input value validation, typically overridden by derived classes""" if hasattr(val1, 'to') and hasattr(val1, 'unit'): raise ValueError("Cannot use Quantities for 'byear' format, " "as the interpretation would be ambiguous. " "Use float with Besselian year instead. ") return super(TimeBesselianEpoch, self)._check_val_type(val1, val2) class TimeJulianEpoch(TimeEpochDate): """Julian Epoch year as floating point value(s) like 2000.0""" name = 'jyear' unit = erfa.DJY # 365.25, the Julian year, for conversion to quantities epoch_to_jd = 'epj2jd' jd_to_epoch = 'epj' class TimeEpochDateString(TimeString): """ Base class to support string Besselian and Julian epoch dates such as 'B1950.0' or 'J2000.0' respectively. """ def set_jds(self, val1, val2): epoch_prefix = self.epoch_prefix iterator = np.nditer([val1, None], op_dtypes=[val1.dtype, np.double]) for val, years in iterator: time_str = val.item() try: epoch_type, year_str = time_str[0], time_str[1:] year = float(year_str) if epoch_type.upper() != epoch_prefix: raise ValueError except (IndexError, ValueError): raise ValueError('Time {0} does not match {1} format' .format(time_str, self.name)) else: years[...] = year self._check_scale(self._scale) # validate scale. epoch_to_jd = getattr(erfa, self.epoch_to_jd) jd1, jd2 = epoch_to_jd(iterator.operands[-1]) self.jd1, self.jd2 = day_frac(jd1, jd2) @property def value(self): jd_to_epoch = getattr(erfa, self.jd_to_epoch) years = jd_to_epoch(self.jd1, self.jd2) # Use old-style format since it is a factor of 2 faster str_fmt = self.epoch_prefix + '%.' + str(self.precision) + 'f' outs = [str_fmt % year for year in years.flat] return np.array(outs).reshape(self.jd1.shape) class TimeBesselianEpochString(TimeEpochDateString): """Besselian Epoch year as string value(s) like 'B1950.0'""" name = 'byear_str' epoch_to_jd = 'epb2jd' jd_to_epoch = 'epb' epoch_prefix = 'B' class TimeJulianEpochString(TimeEpochDateString): """Julian Epoch year as string value(s) like 'J2000.0'""" name = 'jyear_str' epoch_to_jd = 'epj2jd' jd_to_epoch = 'epj' epoch_prefix = 'J' class TimeDeltaFormatMeta(TimeFormatMeta): _registry = TIME_DELTA_FORMATS @six.add_metaclass(TimeDeltaFormatMeta) class TimeDeltaFormat(TimeFormat): """Base class for time delta representations""" def _check_scale(self, scale): """ Check that the scale is in the allowed list of scales, or is `None` """ if scale is not None and scale not in TIME_DELTA_SCALES: raise ScaleValueError("Scale value '{0}' not in " "allowed values {1}" .format(scale, TIME_DELTA_SCALES)) return scale def set_jds(self, val1, val2): self._check_scale(self._scale) # Validate scale. self.jd1, self.jd2 = day_frac(val1, val2, divisor=1./self.unit) @property def value(self): return (self.jd1 + self.jd2) / self.unit class TimeDeltaSec(TimeDeltaFormat): """Time delta in SI seconds""" name = 'sec' unit = 1. / erfa.DAYSEC # for quantity input class TimeDeltaJD(TimeDeltaFormat): """Time delta in Julian days (86400 SI seconds)""" name = 'jd' unit = 1. from .core import Time, TIME_SCALES, TIME_DELTA_SCALES, ScaleValueError